Isolation and Screening of Pigment-Producing Bacteria from Soil and Characterization of Their Extracted Pigments for Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

Pigment-producing bacteria residing in soil ecosystems represent a vast, yet underexplored, resource for novel antimicrobial compounds. This research aimed to isolate pigment-producing bacteria from soil samples and characterize their extracted pigments for antimicrobial activity. A comprehensive methodology involving sampling, isolation, screening, extraction, and characterization was employed. In the methodology section, soil samples were collected, and bacteria were isolated using selective media. Screening for pigment production was conducted, followed by the extraction of pigments from selected bacterial isolates. Characterization techniques, including spectroscopic analysis, microscopic examination, and molecular identification, were utilized to elucidate the chemical composition and structure of the extracted pigments. Results revealed a diverse array of pigment-producing bacteria in the soil, with several isolates exhibiting promising antimicrobial activity against clinically relevant pathogens. The extracted pigments were characterized for their chemical composition and structural features, providing insights into their potential antimicrobial mechanisms. In the discussion section, the diversity of pigment-producing bacteria and the potency of their extracted pigments against pathogens were highlighted. Structure-activity relationships of the pigments were explored, suggesting avenues for further optimization and application in biotechnology. This study underscores the significance of pigment-producing bacteria in soil ecosystems as a source of antimicrobial compounds. The characterized pigments hold promise for various biotechnological applications, including pharmaceuticals and bioremediation. Further research is warranted to fully exploit the potential of these natural pigments for combating infectious diseases and environmental challenges.