Transition Metal and Rare-Earth Co-Doped Glasses and Glass Ceramics for Solid-State Laser Applications

Abstract

Transition metal and rare-earth co-doped glasses have emerged as promising candidates for lasing applications owing to their tunable optical and spectroscopic properties. Present study presents a comprehensive review of the recent developments and applications of transition-metal and rare-earth co-doped glasses in the field of laser technology. Such glass systems have demonstrated enhanced optical, thermal, and laser properties, making them promising candidates for various lasing applications. Firstly, fundamental principles of lasing in glasses, including key parameters influencing laser performance, such as emission wavelengths, gain coefficients, and lifetime of excited states, are described. Subsequently, the synthesis methods of transition metal and rare earth co-doped glasses have been explained. Contributions of transition metals and rare earth elements in enhancing lasing characteristics have also been highlighted. The study is finally concluded by presenting challenges and future perspectives in the field. The study is highly valuable for researchers and engineers working in the field of laser technology.