Production and Stability Studies of the Biosurfactant Isolated from Alkaliphilic Bacterium SJS1

Abstract

Background: Mostly oil spills occurs in sea ocean and coastalareas, required the best candidate for the degradation ofhydrocarbons such as chemical surfactant and syntheticchemicals to minimize such oil spills are primarily effectivestrategies with environmental risk so the aims of these studiesthe isolation and characterization of a alkaline and halotolerantbacteria which was isolated from Lonar Crater and able to utilizedifferent oil as carbon source and produces biosurfactant.Methodology: In present investigation was to determinesurfactant substance producing bacterium of Lonar Lake usingminimal salt medium with various oil as a carbon sources.Biosurfactant-producing microorganisms were isolated andscreening was done on the basis of Drop collapse test, Oil spreadand emulsification index.Result: A total of six bacteria were isolated from the water andsediment samples collected from the of Lonar crater, India. Outof them SJS1was selected for production and, partialcharacterizations of biosurfactant. A Gram negative bacteriumwas studied by morphological, physiological and biochemicalcharacterization. The bacterium SJS1 grew in medium containingsodium chloride (NaCl w/v) from 0.5 to 7% and at pH 7–12. Theproduction of a biosurfactant by Bacteria SJS1 was studied toevaluate the influence of the concentration of different oil. SJS1was able to grow at high salinity conditions and producebiosurfactants. The organism grew and produced biosurfactantwhen cultured in salinities up to 3 g l-1and temperatures up to60°C. The biosurfactant was highly stable over broadtemperature, pH and NaCl, showing excellent thermostablity,and haloalkaline tolerant nature. The biosurfactant produced bythe organism emulsified a range of oil with as Ground nut andCoconut oil best substrate whereas Sesame oil was the poorest.Interpretation: This is valuable information for biosurfactantproduction and optimization has bright future towards theimprovement and production of novel biosurfactant for entirelynew areas of environmental and biotechnological applications.The results confirmed, their enhancing capability on bothefficiency and rate of hydrocarbon degradation from water andsoil