The phyllosphere and the Phylloplane Microbial Biome: A diverse and Dynamic Community

Abstract

The phyllosphere, or aerial parts of the plant, mainly the stem and leaves, is home to a wide range of microorganisms. The geographic richness, variety and distribution of microbial communities, along with the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, determine their unique niche. Plant leaf surfaces, also known as phylloplanes, are a special and difficult microbial biome that is home to a dynamic and varied community of microscopic commensal, parasitic, and mutualistic organisms. Numerous factors influence these phyllosphere communities, which exhibit various adaptations and multipartite relationships with host plants and among community members. Our understanding of the phyllosphere microbiota will be aided by an understanding of the basic structural principles of natural microbial phyllosphere populations, which can also be used to support plant growth and protection. An effort was made to gather prior research in this mini-review in order to have a better understanding of how phylloplane fungus affect the physiology of plants.