Exploring Child Scavenging in Tehran: Causes and Consequences in the City and Its Suburbs

Abstract

This research examines the prevalence and impact of child scavenging in Tehran, highlighting it as one of the most harmful forms of child labor. Despite national and municipal regulations, children are extensively involved in scavenging activities, leading to significant harm and violation of their rights. Utilizing grounded theory methodology, data was collected through interviews and observations, focusing on scavenging children and related adults. The study identifies three main contexts driving child scavenging: economic factors such as poverty and the waste economy, socio-cultural influences including family dynamics and social networks, and policy-related issues like waste management practices. These children often work within exploitative social networks, experiencing poor working and living conditions that heighten their vulnerability and hinder effective socialization. The study concludes that eliminating child scavenging in Tehran requires a comprehensive policy interventions both in Afghanistan and in Tehran's waste management system, and it offers specific recommendations to address these challenges.