Impact of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the temporomandibular joint in rats joint osteoarthritis induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant. Histological, Histochemical and Biochemical investigations

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the therapeutic impact of administering bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the recovery of Freund's adjuvant-induced TMJ osteoarthritis in rats. Materials and Procedures: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups of ten. Group I; negative control: rats with normal features of TMJ were fed ad libitum and kept in normal housing conditions. Group II; positive control: rats were given an intra-articular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right to induce unilateral arthritis. TMJ. Group III; experimental group the rats, 30 days after osteoarthritis induction with CFA, have been given a single injection into the right TMJ of 1×10⁶ BMSCs suspended in 0.5 ml of phosphate buffer solution. To measure TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines before and after BMSCs were administered, blood samples were taken. All rats were sacrificed 30 days after BMSCs injection and TMJ harvested and microtechnically processed for histological and histochemical studies. Result: the group that received experimental stem cell treatment displayed histological, histochemical, and biochemical characteristics that were comparatively like those observed in the control animals. Conclusion: bone marrow derived stem cell therapy is relatively successful treatment for CFA induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.