Exploring the Direction of Teaching and Learning in the Post-Humanism Era

Abstract

Post-humanism is a perspective within the humanities and social science that is concerned with how rapid changes in science and technology and the 4th Industrial Revolution affect individuals and wider society. The purpose of this study is to examine how education should change in the post-humanist era. The content of this study is as follows: Four perspectives of post-humanism in the postmodern era are identified and described. First, post-anthropocentrism claims that humans are no longer the best. Second, neo-materialism criticizes the limits of the human-centered perspective and suggests that the relationships between humans and tools and material and society should be re-established. Third, actor–network theory identifies behavior as not just a characteristic of humans, but a characteristic of a coalition of actors. Fourth is post-phenomenology. Next, the question of how education should change according to these four perspectives is addressed. The direction of education should first accept that humans are not the best through transcendental education. This means that education should reflect the fundamental characteristics of human beings, existence, and relationship with others, while including intellect and sensibility. Second, learning tools should have intrinsic meaning rather than only being a means of learning. Third, it is necessary to find the intersection between technology and ethics through participatory communication as a network of actors for technology. Post-phenomenology presents a perspective on learning in a different dimension from the existing humanistic view of knowledge and learning.