Cultural Traditions of the Dard Tribe in Kashmir: Attire and Marriage Practices

Abstract

In the Dard tribe, marriage constitutes a permanent socio-legal connection between a man and a woman, intricately linked to religion and tradition. This research delves into the intricate nuances of marriage within the Dard tribe of Kashmir, shedding light on their unique social structures and cultural practices. The Dard tribe, residing in the remote region of the Kashmir Valley, has long fascinated historians and sociologists due to its distinct customs and traditions, particularly regarding attire and marriage. The attire of the Dards is predominantly woollen, with the wealthier opting for cotton garments during summer; the outfit includes pyjamas, a Choga (or gown-coat), a belt for securing it, and a cap and chasseur, both of distinctive design. The attire of the Dard tribe has undergone significant transformation due to the effects of modernisation. The Dard (Shin) wedding institution possesses several distinguishing qualities that set it apart from others in Kashmir. The Dard (Shin) tribe engages in both endogamous and exogamous unions. The negotiation for marriage is commenced by the parents of the bridegroom through a mediator, locally referred to as “Dachoo,” who is typically a close cousin or friend, expected to be unbiased and adept at facilitating an agreement between the two parties. The bridegroom’s parents request a marriage date from the bride’s parents via a mediator (Dachoo), who also negotiates the Maher (bride price) with the bride’s parents. Ultimately, a religious leader is consulted to determine an appropriate date and day for the marriage in accordance with Islamic customs. Divorce is exceedingly uncommon, as it is deemed abhorrent within their community. The study offers valuable insights on the marriage customs and attire of the Dard tribe, while also pinpointing the societal factors and trends influencing changes in the institution of marriage and wearing patterns among the Dards.