The Aftermath of Ongoing Ethnic Conflict: A Socio-Economic Analysis of the Manipur State.

Abstract

This paper explores the socio-economic aftermath of ongoing ethnic violence in Manipur, India, focusing on its profound impacts on displacement, economic stability, healthcare, education, and social cohesion. Since May 3, 2023, ethnic clashes between the Kuki and Meitei communities have forced over 50,000 people into displacement across 349 relief camps, straining limited resources and intensifying socio-economic challenges. Rooted in long standing grievances and escalated by demands for Scheduled Tribe (ST) status by the Meitei, the conflict has exacerbated existing inequalities and disrupted critical sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, textiles, and tourism, significantly inflating costs and reducing income levels. The educational landscape has also suffered, with widespread school closures affecting thousands of displaced students and hindering long-term opportunities for Manipur youth. Healthcare infrastructure, already stretched, has been further weakened by attacks on facilities, staff shortages, and restricted access, leaving vulnerable communities exposed to health risks. This study underscores that displacement disrupts socio-economic equilibrium and imposes a heavy psychological toll, especially on vulnerable groups like women, children, and the elderly due to the precarious and harsh conditions in relief camps. By examining these interconnected issues, this analysis emphasizes the urgent need for coordinated humanitarian aid, targeted policy interventions, and inclusive peace-building efforts to foster sustainable recovery and resilience within Manipur diverse communities.