Project Management Methodologies: A Comparative Analysis of Agile and Waterfall Approaches

Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of two widely used project management methodologies: Agile and Waterfall. Agile, known for its iterative and flexible approach, contrasts with Waterfall’s linear and sequential structure. By examining key factors such as adaptability, stakeholder involvement, risk management, and project complexity, the study aims to explore the strengths and limitations of both methodologies. The analysis is grounded in real-world applications across various industries, offering insights into when each approach is most effective. The findings suggest that while Agile is well-suited for projects requiring adaptability and collaboration, Waterfall remains beneficial for projects with clear requirements and a well-defined scope. The paper concludes with recommendations for selecting the appropriate methodology based on project type and organizational needs.