Iot-Based Recirculating Systems: Advancing Climate-Resilient Aquaculture

Abstract

Aquaculture still proves to be a lucrative business engaging in the feeding and nutritional requirements of the expanding world populace. Prerequisites to food security and economic development are achieved through its value-chain relations. However, the industry encounters a couple of issues as a result of climate change as well as resource wastage. Using IoT, hydroponic filtration of the RAS, and random forest water quality prediction brings sustainability to the systems. IoT facilitates the control of vital parameters such as pH levels, oxygen levels, ammonia, and temperature of RAS installations. This makes it easier for the aquaculturists to take necessary corrective action at the earliest in case the defined conditions are not favorable hence enhancing the general wellbeing of the aquatic life and productivity of the farming process. Thus, including hydroponic filtration to RAS means that the water is purified to produce nutrients for plants as well as maintaining water recycling with minimal external inputs. In this context, this dual approach of water treatment also enhances the quality of water and renders aquaculture businesses economical and efficient. A machine learning algorithm called Random Forest is used to predict water quality given the history of water samples and the environment. These features make it possible for the aquaculture managers to give an estimate of the extent of control of the environment and reduce stress on the species of fish that are grown and thus increasing the efficiency of the aquaculture systems. Random Forest applied to an IoT-based RAS with hydroponic filtration and predictive capabilities is a step towards more reliable bio-culture systems. Such planning minimizes resource exploitation conserving the ecosystem as well as enhancing its flexibility over fluctuating temperature and weather. As the IoT and machine learning progresses in the future, increased improvement in sustainable aquaculture is greatly achieved to continuously secure food to feed the world’s population in the present and future world.